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general MIDI (GM-MIDI)

General MIDI (GM-MIDI) is an extension of the MIDI specifications standardized by the MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA). In General-MIDI, instruments are assigned to individual MIDI channels.

Thus in the first GM-MIDI version 128 sounds and the associated program change numbers were defined, which can be addressed via 16 MIDI channels. In addition, MIDI messages provide sound-specific characteristics such as volume, modulation or panorama. Many sounds are assigned to percussion instruments, others to string and brass instruments. Each sound can be addressed via its own program number.

Thanks to the GM MIDI standard, MIDI arrangements can be played on other MIDI devices independently of the sound generator and have the same sound on different synthesizers. For this, the standard also contains control commands for volume, house and sound.

This first GM MIDI standard was later extended by the designation "Level 1". The extension of this standard, which is backward compatible to GM-MIDI Level 1, is chronologically named General-MIDI Level 2 (GM2). It features twice the number of sounds, 256, which can be selected via addressable presets. In addition, GM2 offers a polyphony of at least 32 voices and has expanded the number of MIDI controllers to 28.

Informations:
Englisch: general MIDI - GM-MIDI
Updated at: 02.06.2007
#Words: 188
Links: musical instrument digital interface (MIDI), extension (EXTN), indium (In), program, vertical interconnect access (PCB) (via)
Translations: DE
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