pressure microphone
In terms of design, a distinction is made between the pressure receiver and the pressure gradient receiver.
The pressure receiver has a closed housing, the sound pressure can only hit the diaphragm from the front. The diaphragm displacement is proportional to the sound pressure. The pressure receiver has a spherical directional characteristic. At higher frequencies, the omnidirectional characteristic changes to a lobe shape, since the higher frequencies do not bend around the microphone.
Pressure receivers have no proximity effect. They can be condenser microphones, moving coil microphones and ribbon microphones.