profile

The term profile has completely different meanings: In optical transmission technology, the term profile is used for the structure of optical fib ers, in social networks for personal characterization, in MHS systems for implementation functionality, in USB interfaces for power transmission, and in field buses for communication agreements.

1. The profile of an optical fiber is the radial change in refractive index from the core glass to the cladding glass. In stepped fibers, the modes move along different paths through the core glass, resulting in a pulse broadening called mode dispersion. In graded fibers, the refractive index decreases parabolically from the core to the cladding. The travel time differences are relatively small (low dispersion), which means that the modes arrive almost simultaneously.
2. In social networks, the profile is used for user information. Every new user of a social network puts more or less his own user data into the social network when he registers. This can be, in addition to the name and first name, his e-mail address, address or telephone number. In some social networks, information about school, university and professional training can also be entered, as well as likes and dislikes for and against cultural and TV programs, but also friends and professional colleagues.
3. Under the Windowsoperating system, a user profile contains user-specific information that describes the user's working environment. Such a profile may include program and screen settings, network connections, font sizes, security settings, and printer specifications.
4. In the X.400 environment, profiles describe the functionality of an X.400 implementation that it makes available to its users and to other X.400 implementations at the interfaces. Profiles close the gap at the interfaces between the management domains, the Private Management Domains( PRMD) and the Administration Management Domains( ADMD), and thus ensure a reliable exchange of electronic mail. The profiles have been defined by various standardization bodies, such as the Standards Promotion and Application Group( SPAG), CEN/ CENELEC and National Institute of Standards and Technology( NIST).
5. In the case of fieldbuses, the profiles define the agreements on the standardized communication techniques. A distinction is made between the communication profiles, which are defined by the International Electrotechnical Commission( IEC) under IEC 61784, the physical profiles such as RS-485, the application profiles such as TC3 from Profibus, the device profiles in which the device-specific functions are defined, and the industry profiles.
6. In Bluetooth, ZigBee and ISO/IEC14543 special application profiles are defined so that devices from different manufacturers can communicate with each other. The profile contains the rules and protocols that ensure interference-free communication. Bluetooth knows different Bluetooth profiles for data security, access to different networks, exchange and output of files, etc. For ZigBee these are the ZigBee profiles and for ISO/IEC 14543 the EnOcean Equipment Profiles( EEP).