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von-Neumann architecture

The Von Neumann computer is a computer architecture that was developed by John von Neumann back in the 1940s and is still used in most computer architectures today.

The functional units of the Von Neumann computer

The basic concept of the Von Neumann computer includes the subsystems: input unit, central processing unit, memory unit and output unit, which are interconnected via buses. In this basic concept, data is input via the input unit and stored in the memory unit. As part of the central processing unit( CPU), the arithmetic logic unit( ALU), controlled by the control unit( CU), takes the data from the memory unit and executes the mathematical functions. The results and intermediate results are successively stored in memory cells. The memory provides the storage space for programs and data, whereby the memory locations can be addressed individually. The processing of the arithmetic operations takes place sequentially with program instructions. The output system, controlled via the processor, provides for the presentation of the results on the display or their output on other output devices.

Structure of the Von Neumann calculator

Structure of the Von Neumann calculator

The Von Neumann computer processes the externally entered programs and data sequentially, whereby the processing takes place in the order of the stored program commands. It is possible to interrupt the sequential program steps by means of jump commands.

Characteristics of the Von Neumann computer

Characteristics of the Von Neumann computer

Due to the increasing use of multi-core processors, the classical Von Neumann architecture with its serial processing has reached its limits. As a future alternative computer architecture, a computer architecture has been developed at the University of Maryland in which the hardware and software are designed for parallel processing. The hardware concept is called Explicit Multi-Threading(XMT) and is based on Immediate Concurrent Execution( ICE) on the programming side.

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Englisch: von-Neumann architecture
Updated at: 24.01.2014
#Words: 295
Links: computer, computer architecture, unit (U), central processing unit (CPU), memory
Translations: DE
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