T=1 protocol (smartcard) (T=1)
The block-oriented T=1 protocol is an asynchronous half- duplex protocol for data exchange between a smart card and a smart card terminal.
Unlike the byte-oriented T=0 protocol, the block-oriented T=1 protocol separates data transmission via the answer to reset ( ATR) protocol and the application. It is specified in the standard for smart cards ISO/ IEC 7618-3. T=1 works with parity bits and an error detection( EDC) at the end of the block. The memory requirement is about 1,100 bytes.
The specifications of GSM 11.11 and of Europay, Mastercard, Visa( EMV) are compatible with the T=1 specifications.